Knowing whether you have the flu or a common cold is crucial because the flu is more likely to cause serious complications. Both are caused by viruses, but symptoms and severity differ. This guide breaks down how to recognize each illness, especially in vulnerable groups like babies and young children.
Flu Symptoms in Adults
The flu hits fast and hard. Unlike a gradual onset, flu symptoms often feel sudden, like being struck by a vehicle. Common signs include:
- High fever or chills
- Severe cough
- Sore throat
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Extreme fatigue
- Muscle aches
- Headaches
- Vomiting and diarrhea (less common in adults, but possible)
Even without a fever, flu symptoms can still be debilitating. Adults may experience high fevers, but children tend to tolerate them better. A temperature of 102°F is a significant fever, particularly for adults.
Flu Symptoms in Babies and Children
Children experience flu symptoms similar to adults, but with a higher likelihood of vomiting and diarrhea. Infants with the flu appear exceptionally sick, fussy, and uncomfortable.
Emergency Signs in Babies and Children: Seek immediate medical attention if a child exhibits:
- Fast or labored breathing
- Bluish lips or face
- Ribs sinking with each breath
- Chest pain
- Severe muscle pain (refusal to walk)
- Dehydration (no urine for 8+ hours, dry mouth, no tears)
- Unresponsiveness
- Seizures
- Fever over 104°F not controlled by medication
- Any fever in infants under 3 months
- A fever or cough that returns after improvement
- Worsening of existing medical conditions.
Common Cold Symptoms
Colds develop gradually, typically one to three days after exposure. Symptoms include:
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Sore throat
- Mild cough
- Sneezing
- General malaise
- Slight body aches or headache
- Low-grade fever
Mucus color change (from clear to yellow or green) is normal and does not necessarily indicate a bacterial infection.
Cold Duration: Most colds last between 4 and 10 days, with coughs sometimes lingering for an additional week.
Why This Matters
Differentiating between a cold and the flu isn’t just about comfort; it’s about recognizing potential severity. The flu can lead to bronchitis, pneumonia, or other complications, while a cold rarely does. Early diagnosis allows for appropriate treatment and prevents unnecessary worry.
The key takeaway: If you feel suddenly and intensely ill, suspect the flu and consult a healthcare professional.
Editorial Sources: Everyday Health follows strict sourcing guidelines to ensure accuracy. This article relies on peer-reviewed studies, medical experts, and reputable institutions like the CDC, Mayo Clinic, and March of Dimes.
